Drying oil (oil) is often used in finishing work as a primer or paint thinner. If for some reason there is no factory-made drying oil at hand, this product can be made with your own hands at home. This product is made from vegetable fat, as a rule, we are talking about linseed or sunflower oil.
- Linseed oil linseed oil
- Sunflower oil drying oil
- Impregnation with drying oil
- Substitute for drying oil
Linseed oil linseed oil
For the manufacture of this type of drying oil, the following devices will be needed:
- metal utensils (basin, ladle, plate, pan, etc.);
- heating device (kerosene, gas or electric stove);
- rosin;
- manganese peroxide;
- respirator and gloves.
Pour oil into a vessel and heat over low heat. Upon reaching 110 degrees, the oil will begin to release water - this will be noticeable to the eye. Next, the process of evaporation of water begins. In this case, you must ensure that the temperature of the liquid does not cross the line of 160 degrees. Oil should be boiled for 4 hours.
Note! Drying oil is a flammable substance, so do not pour too much oil into the container. It is enough to fill half the vessel.
After evaporation of the water and the formation of foam, you can add a drier based on the following proportion: 30-40 grams of the substance per liter of oil. When adding desiccant, abundant foaming occurs, so work should be done with extreme caution, adding the substance gradually. When the desiccant is added, increase the temperature to 200 degrees and continue to cook the mixture for 3 hours. The readiness of the composition is checked as follows: a drop of the substance is placed on the glass, and if it is transparent, the solution is ready. Next, the composition is cooled at room temperature.
Desiccant is an auxiliary substance that affects the drying speed of drying oil. This component is part of oil paints, where it is responsible for the same property.
To make a desiccant, mix rosin with manganese peroxide based on a ratio of 20 to 1. First, bring the 20 parts of rosin to a melting state at a temperature of 150 degrees above zero, and then add 1 part of manganese peroxide.
to contents ↑Sunflower oil drying oil
A composition made from sunflower oil will protect the surface just as reliably as it is made from linseed oil. The only difference is that the color of the product will be lighter, which can be used, for example, in the interests of the design of the room.
There are two ways to prepare drying oil - hot and cold. Hot cooking allows you to get particularly durable coatings on the treated surface.
Whatever method of preparation of the composition was chosen, the oil still needs to be treated thermally. In the manufacture of drying oil, it is necessary to achieve the removal of water from the composition, as well as the oxidation of all kinds of impurities.
Instructions for heat treatment of sunflower oil:
- Pour oil into a metal container.Oil should fill the dishes no more than 50-60%. We put the container on low heat.
- After the oil reaches a temperature of 110 degrees, abundant foaming and evaporation of water begins.
- We increase the temperature to 170 degrees and keep the oil on fire for another 3-5 hours.
- After complete evaporation of the water, raise the temperature to 250-280 degrees. At this point, darker flakes will stand out from the oil.
- Let the oil cool at room temperature, and then filter it through cheesecloth. The process of preparing the basis for drying oil is completed.
Tip number 1: to determine whether the oil is heated to a temperature of 250-280 degrees, you can use a goose feather. If the edges of the feather twist or deform, then the desired temperature has been reached.
Tip # 2: to reduce foaming, it is recommended to add a little ready-made drying oil at room temperature to the metal container.
The recipe for the preparation of the cold method:
- We heat the cooked base to 120-150 degrees. In this case, the base must be constantly mixed.
- Once the desired temperature is reached, add drier - its share in the oil solution should be 5-8%. For greater safety, it is recommended that you first mix the drier with the same amount of oil, and only then add the mixture to the base. If, nevertheless, the foam is released very intensively, we reduce the rate of desiccant addition and mix the mass intensely.
- After combining all the components, remove the container from the fire and cool the drying oil at room temperature.
The recipe for the preparation of the hot method:
- We heat the base to 170 degrees and add drier at the rate of 1.5-2.5% of the base volume.
- Before adding drier, mix it with dehydrated sunflower oil in equal amounts.
- As soon as foaming has decreased, we begin to bring the heating temperature to 280 degrees. In this case, regularly stir the composition throughout the cooking process (about 4 hours).
Impregnation with drying oil
Methods of impregnation of a wooden product:
- Processing wood with hot mortar. Impregnation is carried out in a water bath. This method is good for processing small parts. We put the wooden product in the dishes with hot drying oil for 4-8 hours. Then, for 4-6 days, wait until the surface has completely dried. Please note: if you mix lead red lead (3-4% of the total volume) with drying oil, the quality of soaking will increase significantly, and the surface will dry in just 2-3 days.
- Processing with a solution of oil and kerosene. Combine the components in a ratio of 1 to 1. It is acceptable to use both cold ingredients and warmed up. However, the temperature of the solution will affect the speed of impregnation: with hot linseed oil, it is necessary to treat the surface for only 3 hours, but in case the composition is cold, it will take 1-2 days.
- Treatment with a solution of oil, paraffin and turpentine. To prepare the solution, you will need 40% drying oil, 8% turpentine and 52% paraffin. First, dissolve the paraffin with turpentine in a water bath. Then add drying oil and mix thoroughly. Apply a hot solution to the wood. The drying period will be from 2 to 3 days.
- Processing with a solution of oil and wax. The solution is prepared on the basis of the following proportions: 85% drying oils, 15% wax. Grind the wax and immerse in a hot mixture. The drying time of the surface will be within 2-3 days.
Grinding is a responsible work that does not end after surface treatment with drying oil. Before continuing to manipulate the wood, you need to wait until the coating has completely dried. The rate of drying depends on several circumstances, including: the used components of the solution, the amount of desiccant, type of wood and other factors.
The quickest drying oil drying oil with desiccants based on polymetals.But monometallic driers do not contribute to quick drying. For example, a surface treated with drying oil with a lead drier will dry in 20 hours. If lead is exchanged for manganese, the drying time will be reduced to 12 hours. An even better indicator of dryness is achieved by combining lead and manganese in a polymetallic desiccant. In this case, the surface will dry in 7-8 hours.
A considerable influence on the drying rate is exerted by humidity and temperature indicators of air. Drying oil with a cobalt drier will dry 1.5 times faster when the air temperature rises to 25 degrees.
Under the same conditions, a solution with a manganese desiccant dries 4 times faster. The optimum air humidity for drying the surface is 65-70%.
to contents ↑Substitute for drying oil
This option is for those cases where it is not possible not only to purchase factory drying oil, but also to make it yourself at home.
Substitute Recipe:
- casein - 50%;
- slaked lime - 25%;
- turpentine - 12.5%;
- soap solution - 7.5%.
Turpentine is added after thoroughly mixing the other components. Next, we dilute the mixture with water until the solution becomes like a thick drying oil. To avoid the appearance of sediment, add a little ammonia to the composition.
The surface treated with casein solution dries faster than in the case of drying oil. The composition can be added to oil paints to improve their strength and water-repellent characteristics.
